资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
“典”亮新时代|民富国强,众安道泰****** 编者按:过去一百年,中国共产党向人民、向历史交出了一份优异的答卷。现在,党团结带领全国各族人民踏上了实现第二个百年奋斗目标新的赶考之路。“两个一百年”奋斗目标历史交汇,我们开启了全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程,正昂首阔步行进在实现中华民族伟大复兴的道路上。 党的十八大以来,习近平总书记多次引经据典、援古证今,赋予典故鲜活的时代内涵,深刻阐释中国共产党初心如磐、历久弥坚的精神密码。央视网《天天学习》特别策划“典”亮新时代系列,与您一起学习领会。 【释义】 《吴越春秋》是东汉史学家赵晔所著的一部有关春秋时期吴越两国历史的著作,今存十卷。前五卷为吴事,起于吴太伯,迄于夫差;后五卷为越事,自无余以至勾践,注重叙述吴越争霸的史实。 “民富国强,众安道泰”出自第八卷《勾践归国外传》,意思是人民富裕、国家强盛,社会安定和平。《勾践归国外传》记述了越王勾践被吴王夫差放回越国后,卧薪尝胆,励精图治,重用范蠡、文种等人,通过一系列发展生产和提升军队战斗力的措施使越国民富国强,具备了伐吴复仇的能力。 中国古代就有“藏富于民”之说,认为只有百姓生活富足,国家才能繁荣稳定、长治久安。故《吴越春秋》把“民富”放在“国强”之前。 【解读】 2021年1月28日,中央政治局就做好“十四五”时期我国发展开好局、起好步的重点工作进行第二十七次集体学习。习近平总书记在主持学习时引用古语“民富国强,众安道泰”,指出进入新发展阶段,完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念,必须更加注重共同富裕问题。 让人民群众过上更加幸福的好日子是我们党始终不渝的奋斗目标,实现共同富裕是中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度的本质要求。改革开放以来,我国7.7亿农村贫困人口摆脱贫困,14亿多人民的生活质量和水平大幅度提升,用几十年时间完成了其他国家几百年走过的发展历程。 党的十八大以来,我们党对共同富裕道路作了新的探索,对共同富裕理论作了新的阐释,对共同富裕目标作了新的部署。党的十九大报告提出到本世纪中叶“全体人民共同富裕基本实现”的目标;党的十九届五中全会进一步提出,到2035年“全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展”。 促进全体人民共同富裕是一项长期任务,也是一项现实任务。我们要始终把满足人民对美好生活的新期待作为发展的出发点和落脚点,在实现现代化过程中不断地、逐步地解决好这个问题。习近平总书记指出:“要自觉主动解决地区差距、城乡差距、收入差距等问题,坚持在发展中保障和改善民生,统筹做好就业、收入分配、教育、社保、医疗、住房、养老、扶幼等各方面工作,更加注重向农村、基层、欠发达地区倾斜,向困难群众倾斜,促进社会公平正义,让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。” 在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程中,我们必须把促进全体人民共同富裕摆在更加重要的位置,脚踏实地、久久为功,向着这个目标积极有为地进行努力。要抓住人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题,不断保障和改善民生,促进社会公平正义,在更高水平上实现幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶,推动社会全面进步和人的全面发展,朝着实现全体人民共同富裕的目标稳步迈进。 (作者 杨立新) (中央广播电视总台央视网) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |