中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
上博东馆打造“开放型博物馆”****** 在浦东新区花木社区,上海博物馆东馆正拔地而起。 步入场馆内部,与常见的博物馆不同,这里采用了开放式设计,其中多处设计别有洞天。 据了解,上博东馆预计今年年底开门迎接参观者。 “不像传统博物馆” 上博东馆建筑高度近45米,地上6层包括展示陈列、公众服务、库房及办公用房;地下2层则主要为学术报告厅、影院、活动教室等。 许多人印象中的博物馆,一般都采取了封闭式设计,大量采用人工照明,光线昏暗,而且空调温度偏低。据业内人士透露,其中重要原因是要确保文物安全。一些参观者趣言,“走进博物馆,就像走进尘封的历史”。 但许多经过上博东馆的人,对这一建筑的第一印象是“不像传统博物馆”。据介绍,外立面蜿蜒起伏的曲线,在设计上暗合上海这座城市“海陆交汇”的地理位置,也象征“勇立潮头”的精神。建筑内部设计与功能组织,也一改常见的博物馆封闭式流线设计,与城市空间有了更紧密的联系,力图为市民带来一座“开放型博物馆”。 走进上博东馆一楼连廊区域,顶部是一个174平方米的椭圆形玻璃穹顶,40米挑高的大厅,顶部玻璃穹顶达632平方米,建筑四面都设置了一定高度的玻璃幕墙,还有敞开式空间与外界连通,阳光能从四面八方透进博物馆内。上海博物馆馆长褚晓波表示,“我们在符合文物保护要求的前提下,希望有自然光透进来,这样观众在博物馆里参观会有多样性的感受。” 上博东馆西临杨高南路、北至世纪大道、东面是丁香路,与上海科技馆、东方艺术中心隔街相望。观众在博物馆里,不再仅仅是“进入尘封的历史”,也能从不同角度远眺城市景观、感受城市的脉动,让历史与当代生活交流共鸣。 据悉,由于建造年代等原因,上博人民广场馆没有设计专用通道,文物运输一般在晚上。而上博东馆将设置员工、文物专用通道,与观众通道分开,在不打扰观众参观的情况下大大提高文物运输的安全性。据透露,过去布展时曾发生过的拆门以搬运大体量文物的情形将成为历史。 多处设计“别有洞天” 一些途经上博东馆的市民发现,透过长方形外立面镂空的开放空间,能看到中间环绕而上的坡道。 据了解,这其实是一种传承。1996年开放的上博人民广场馆,建筑造型一大亮点是方形基座上托起圆柱形顶部,取“天圆地方”之意。而东馆的建筑主体呈矩形体块,中间嵌入圆形的旋转坡道,也是方和圆的结合。 东馆中间这一旋转坡道,其实是三楼通向五楼的休闲步道,开放后,这一巨型的旋转坡道很可能会成为上海新晋“网红打卡点”。 在靠近旋转坡道的区域,开放度更高,未来将开设一个针对少年儿童的探索宫。据透露,不同于一般的文物展厅,上博将在探索宫里融入“探索”理念,推出将人文、艺术、文明等内容结合在一起的项目,帮助少年儿童学习知识、拓展眼界、丰富体验,启发他们的探究性思维。 占地数千平方米的五楼露天区域则将复制仿造一组江南园林建筑,也是室内展厅向室外的延伸。观众在四楼展厅参观完江南文化主题展,可以步行至五楼,在园林的亭台楼阁之间眺望周围的城市脉动。上博颇受欢迎的“博物馆奇妙夜”活动,今后也将安排在这里举行。 上海博物馆前任馆长杨志刚曾透露过一段趣事:他在医院看病时,医生看到其病历卡上显示单位是上海博物馆,于是跟他说,“第一次谈朋友的地方就在你们上博。” 这让杨志刚感慨,未来观众除了参观展览,还能在博物馆空间里享受休闲、社交、餐饮等更多体验,“博物馆的功能应该是复合的,这就要求在建筑的布局、空间的营造里把它们充分考虑进去,让观众喜欢来且愿意经常来。” “发掘呈现上海的文化” 据了解,上博东馆有大小展厅20余个,还设有大量教育体验场地,展示陈列区面积达3.36万平方米,预期每年观众接待量达500万人次。 据褚晓波介绍,上海博物馆以打造“世界顶级的中国古代艺术博物馆”为发展目标,上博东馆的建设也将坚持这一定位。未来将在上博东馆构建起以中国古代文化主题为核心的展陈体系,以常设展为主,为观众呈现海内外体系完整、脉络清晰、史料翔实、叙事生动的中国古代艺术通史陈列,以及海派与江南文化、中外文化交流、互动体验四大系列。其中,青铜馆、书法馆、绘画馆、印章馆是海内外唯一的常设通史陈列场馆。 “上海博物馆虽然是一个面向全球的博物馆,但是它既然扎根本土、位于上海,我们理应发掘呈现上海的文化。”褚晓波表示,未来在上博东馆举办的许多展览并不是按照文物材质来展示,而是按照主题来演绎,常设主题中的展品内容、角度会定期调整。(简工博) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |